CBT vs DBT: Understanding the Key Differences

When it comes to psychotherapy, two of the most commonly used approaches are Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT).

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) are both valuable approaches in mental health care, but they differ in their structure and focus. CBT has evolved into a broad category that encompasses various subtypes, including DBT, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT).

While both therapies share some similarities, they also have some key differences that make them better suited for different types of mental health issues. In this article, we will compare and contrast CBT and DBT and explore the benefits and limitations of each approach.

What is CBT?

CBT is a type of talk therapy that focuses on helping individuals identify and change negative patterns of thinking and behaviour that contribute to mental health issues. CBT is based on the idea that our thoughts, feelings, and behaviours are interconnected and that by changing our thoughts and behaviours, we can improve our mood and overall well-being.

During CBT therapy sessions, individuals work with a therapist to identify negative or irrational thoughts and beliefs and learn how to replace them with more positive and realistic ones. CBT therapy often includes homework assignments and other practical tools to help individuals apply what they learn in therapy to their daily lives.

What is DBT?

DBT is a type of cognitive behavioural therapy that was originally developed to treat individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD). DBT is based on the idea that individuals with BPD struggle with emotional regulation and that by learning specific skills, such as mindfulness, distress tolerance, and emotion regulation, they can improve their ability to manage intense emotions and create more meaningful relationships.

DBT often includes group sessions and individual therapy sessions. In group sessions, individuals work with a trained therapist and other individuals with similar mental health issues to learn and practice specific DBT skills. In individual sessions, individuals work with a therapist to apply these skills to their personal lives and develop a more individualised treatment plan.

CBT vs DBT: Key Differences

The core principle of CBT, regardless of the subtype, is the understanding that thoughts, feelings, and behaviours are interconnected and can influence each other. In contrast, DBT is a structured and methodical form of therapy developed specifically to help individuals with complex emotional regulation difficulties, particularly those with borderline personality disorder.

While CBT offers a flexible framework applicable to a range of issues, DBT is more specialised, providing specific techniques and strategies to manage intense emotions, improve interpersonal skills, and enhance overall well-being.

So, CBT is like the umbrella term that encompasses various approaches, while DBT is a more focused method designed for a specific set of challenges.While CBT and DBT share some similarities, such as the focus on changing negative patterns of thinking and behaviour, there are also some key differences between these two approaches.

• Focus: CBT focuses primarily on changing negative thought patterns, while DBT focuses on emotional regulation and relationship building in addition to changing negative thought patterns.

• Skills: DBT includes specific skills training in mindfulness, distress tolerance, and emotion regulation, while CBT does not typically include this type of specific skills training.

• Group vs. Individual: DBT often includes both group and individual therapy sessions, while CBT is typically individual therapy only. DBT was built on a concept of delivering skills training in a group format. Whilst CBT can be done in groups, it would be more common to work with a therapist individually.

• Target Population: DBT was originally developed for individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD), while CBT can be used to treat a wide range of mental health issues. Both can be used for a wide range of conditions, and DBT has expanded far beyond its original patient population because it is a comprehensive integrative approach with significant evidence.

Which Therapy is Right for You?

Deciding which type of therapy is right for you depends on a number of factors, including your specific mental health issues, personal preferences, and therapeutic goals. Both CBT and DBT have been shown to be effective in treating a variety of mental health issues, including anxiety, depression, and borderline personality disorder.

If you are looking for CBT or DBT therapy near Perth, there are several options available, including private therapists and clinics. When choosing a therapist, it's important to find someone who is qualified and with whom you feel comfortable. It’s not always absolutely critical that the person has received certain training, but more importantly that they are experienced, qualified and registered as a mental health professional working in those modalities. It’s often very difficult for practitioners to access certain courses, and registered health professionals are obligated to do their own continuing professional development, and practise ethically.

Conclusion

CBT and DBT are two of the most commonly used psychotherapeutic approaches. While they share some similarities, they also have key differences that make them better suited for different types of mental health issues. Whether you choose CBT or DBT therapy, it's important to work with a qualified therapist and to commit to the therapeutic process in order to achieve the best possible outcomes for your mental health.